In California, wage garnishment for consumer debts is limited to the lesser of 25% of disposable earnings or the amount by which disposable earnings exceed $217.50 per week under federal CCPA rules — but child support withholding can take up to 60–65% of disposable earnings with priority over all other garnishments.
California enacted SB 1477 (effective September 1, 2023), making consumer debt garnishment STRICTER than federal law: the lesser of 20% of disposable earnings or 40% of the amount by which disposable earnings exceed 48 times the state minimum wage per week. Child support and alimony withholding follow federal CCPA rates. California employers receive an Earnings Withholding Order (EWO) and must begin withholding within 10 days.
Wage garnishment in California is governed by a combination of federal law — the Consumer Credit Protection Act (CCPA) — and California state statutes. For child support and alimony, the limits are higher: up to 50% of disposable earnings if the person supports another family, or 60% if they do not, with an additional 5% if arrears are 12+ weeks past due.
Disposable earnings — the base for all garnishment calculations — are your gross wages minus legally required deductions: federal income tax withholding, state income tax withholding, Social Security taxes, and Medicare taxes. Voluntary deductions such as 401(k) contributions, health insurance premiums you elect, and union dues do not reduce disposable earnings for garnishment purposes.
| Obligation Type | Maximum Withholding | Governing Law |
|---|---|---|
| Child support (supporting another family) | 50% of disposable earnings | Federal CCPA §1673(b) |
| Child support (no other dependents) | 60% of disposable earnings | Federal CCPA §1673(b) |
| Child support (12+ weeks arrears) | +5% surcharge on above | Federal CCPA §1673(b) |
| Consumer debt (default judgment) | 25% of disposable or 30×min wage excess (California may be lower) | CCPA + California state law |
| Federal tax debt (IRS levy) | Amount above exempt threshold (varies by dependents) | IRC §6334 |
| Student loan (federal) | Up to 15% of disposable earnings | 20 U.S.C. §1095a |